Top Freshwater Fish for Beginners

Overview of Fish Keeping

Fishkeeping is an enjoyable and rewarding hobby that can be enjoyed by people of all ages. It is a great way to learn about nature and the environment, and it can also provide hours of enjoyment and relaxation. Keeping fish can be a great way to meet new friends and create a sense of community. Whether you’re just starting or have been keeping fish for years, there are a variety of species that are ideal for beginners.

When starting, it is essential to consider the type of fish you would like to keep. Generally, smaller and hardier species are preferred for beginners. Some popular choices include goldfish, guppies, and platies. These types of fish tend to be less sensitive to water quality and are more tolerant of fluctuations in temperature and pH.

It is also essential to consider the size of the tank when selecting fish. The tank should be large enough to accommodate the fish you plan to keep. Additionally, a larger tank typically provides a more stable environment for fish.

Finally, when selecting a fish, consider the type of care it requires. Some species may require more frequent water changes or other specialized care. It is important to research the fish species before purchasing to ensure it is compatible with your level of experience.

When finding the best fish for beginners, there are a few key factors to consider. First, you want to look for a fish that is relatively easy to care for and can thrive in a beginner aquarium setup. Second, you want to find a fish that is visually appealing and will be enjoyable to watch in their new home. Lastly, you want to ensure the fish you choose is compatible with other fish in the aquarium.

Fortunately, there are plenty of great fish options for beginner aquariums. Here are some of the best, most popular beginner fish:

Goldfish

Goldfish are one of the most popular aquarium fish for beginners. They come in a variety of sizes and colors, making them an excellent choice for both small and large tanks. Goldfish can be easy to care for and are hardy enough to survive even in less-than-ideal conditions. They are also very social, interactive fish that can be great companions for novice aquarists.

Goldfish require a well-maintained tank with plenty of oxygen. A good filtration system is essential to keep the water clean and healthy. They prefer temperatures between 65-75°F and can tolerate a wide range of pH levels. Proper nutrition is also key, and a variety of fish food should be included in their diet to keep them healthy and happy.

It’s important to note that goldfish can grow quite large, so it’s important to research which type of fish is best for the size of your tank. Goldfish can also be messy, so regular water changes are essential to keep their tanks clean and in good condition. With proper care, goldfish can live up to 10 years or longer.

Betta Fish

Betta fish, also known as Siamese fighting fish, are one of the most popular fish for beginners. They are colorful, hardy, and relatively easy to care for. Betta fish do not require a large aquarium and are one of the few fish species that can survive in a smaller tank, making them ideal for those just getting started with fishkeeping.

Bettas are social fish but can be territorial and aggressive towards each other. Therefore, it is not recommended to have more than one Betta in a tank. Betta fish can live in a variety of water temperatures and pH levels, so they are relatively easy to care for. As far as diet goes, Betta fish are omnivorous and can be fed a variety of foods, including bloodworms, brine shrimp, and dried pellet food.

Overall, Betta fish are a great option for those just starting in fish keeping. They are easy to care for, colorful, and entertaining to watch.

Guppies

Guppies are one of the most popular fish for beginners, and for good reason. They are hardy and easy to care for, and come in a wide range of colors and patterns. Guppies are live-bearing, which means that they don’t lay eggs like other fish, and instead give birth to fully formed fry. This makes them a great choice for folks who don’t have the time or money to invest in an elaborate breeding program. Guppies are also quite peaceful, and can live in groups with other guppies and other peaceful fish. They are usually shy and skittish, but they can become quite bold and active when they feel safe and comfortable.

Guppies do prefer a well-planted aquarium with plenty of hiding places, but they are flexible and can also live in tanks with very little decoration. They like clean water and should be fed a variety of foods including flakes, pellets, and live or frozen foods. Guppies can live for a few years if kept in good conditions, so they are a great choice for anyone who wants to keep fish for the long term.

Neon Tetras

Neon Tetras are a great fish for beginners to start with. They are small, colorful, and peaceful fish that can be kept in a variety of tank sizes. They are also very hardy and can survive in a wide range of temperatures and water conditions.

Neon Tetras are native to the tropical rivers of South America. They are a schooling fish, so it’s best to keep at least six of them in the tank. They prefer tanks with plenty of plants and hiding spots, as well as a darker substrate. They should be fed a varied diet of flakes, freeze-dried and live foods.

Neon Tetras are an excellent choice for beginners because they are easy to care for and very hardy. They are also very beautiful and add a lot of color to an aquarium. With the right care and setup, Neon Tetras can make a great addition to any beginner’s aquarium.

Set-up Considerations

Setting up an aquarium for fish is an exciting and rewarding experience, but it does require some planning and consideration. Beginner aquarists should take the time to research what type of set up is best for their particular species of fish. Here are some things to consider when setting up an aquarium for fish:

• Tank size: The size of the tank will determine how many fish you can keep and the types of fish that are suitable for the tank. Generally, larger tanks are better for beginners as they are easier to maintain and provide more space for fish to swim and explore.
• Filtration: A good filtration system is essential for keeping your aquarium clean and healthy. It is recommended to have both a mechanical and a biological filtration system in place.
• Water quality: In order to keep the water in your tank clean and healthy, you will need to test the water parameters regularly. This includes testing the pH, ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate levels.
• Lighting: Lighting plays an important role in the health of your fish. Make sure to provide adequate lighting for the type of fish you have in your tank.
• Substrate: Substrate is the material that lines the bottom of your tank and provides a place for beneficial bacteria to grow. Different types of substrate are available, so make sure to choose one that is suitable for the type of fish you are keeping.

By doing your research and taking the time to consider these set-up considerations, you can ensure that your aquarium is a healthy, safe, and enjoyable environment for your fish.

Feeding and Care Guidelines

Regarding the care and feeding of fish, there are some basic guidelines that all beginners should follow.

First, it’s important to remember that each type of fish has different dietary needs and requirements. When selecting a fish, research the type of fish and determine its dietary needs. Once you’ve determined the food requirements of the species, develop a regular feeding schedule to ensure the fish are getting the proper nutrition.

In addition to selecting the right food, you’ll also need to provide the right environment for your fish. Be sure to use a tank with the appropriate size and capacity for the type of fish you are keeping. It’s important to use a filter to maintain the water quality and cycle the tank regularly.

Finally, it’s essential to monitor the fish’s health. Be sure to observe the fish for any signs of illness or disease, and if something appears wrong, take the fish to a veterinarian for a check-up. This can help you identify any potential issues before they become a major problem.

By following these simple guidelines, any beginner can easily care for their fish and ensure they are getting the proper nutrition and environment they need.

source https://www.fishacademia.com/best-freshwater-fish-for-beginners/

Brook stickleback Care Guide: Diet, Tank Mates, Diseases, Breeding & More

The brook stickleback is a small but mighty freshwater fish that is perfect for beginner aquarists.

This species is hardy, adaptable, and easy to care for, making them a great choice for those just starting out in the fishkeeping hobby.

But even though they’re easy to care for, there are still some things you need to know to ensure your fish are happy and healthy.

In this guide, we’ll teach you everything you need to know about brook stickleback care. From diet and tank size, to lifespan and breeding.

Table of contents

• Species overview
  • Appearance
  • Lifespan
  • Size
• Tank
  • Size
  • Water parameters
  • What To Put In Their Tank
• Common diseases
• Behavior & Temperament
• Tank Mates
• Breeding
• Conclusion

Species overview

The brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) is a small freshwater fish that’s found in North America. They’re most commonly seen in the eastern parts of the continent, particularly in the Great Lakes region and the Hudson Bay drainage basin.

Brook sticklebacks prefer slow-moving water with a lot of vegetation. This could be in the form of a river, stream, or even a lake.

One of the most notable things about the brook stickleback is its diet. These fish are known to eat a wide variety of things, including other small fish, insects, and crustaceans.

Due to their wide diet and their adaptability to different environments, brook sticklebacks are a very popular choice for aquariums. They’re also a popular choice for scientific study, as they’re often used in research on the effects of different pollutants on freshwater ecosystems.

Appearance

The brook stickleback is a small freshwater fish that has a dark olive-green back and a white belly. The males of this species are usually more brightly colored than the females and have a red throat.

The brook stickleback has a long and slender body with a small mouth. They have two dorsal fins, the first of which is much smaller than the second. The brook stickleback also has a forked tail.

Lifespan

The average lifespan of a brook stickleback is 2 to 3 years.

These fish have a relatively short lifespan, but that doesn’t mean they can’t be kept successfully in captivity.

Good water quality and a healthy diet are important for all fish, but it’s especially important for those with a shorter lifespan. That’s because they don’t have as much time to recover from any setbacks.

Size

Brook sticklebacks only grow to be about 2-3 inches long.

Tank

Tank Size

The recommended minimum tank size for Brook sticklebacks is 10 gallons.

Water Parameters

The brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) is a freshwater fish that is endemic to North America. It is found in streams and rivers with cool, clean water and a gravel bottom.

The brook stickleback is a small fish, reaching a maximum length of about 4 cm (1.6 in). The body is compressed and elongated, with a small head and a large mouth. The back and sides are olive-green to brown, with a dark stripe along the sides. The belly is white.

The brook stickleback is a hardy fish that can tolerate a wide range of water conditions. However, it is best to maintain the following water parameters:

• Water temperature: 50 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit
• pH levels: 6.0 to 7.5
• Water hardness: 2 to 12 dGH
• Alkalinity Levels: 4-8 dKH

What To Put In Their Tank

Brook sticklebacks are a species of freshwater fish that are found in North America. They’re known to inhabit streams, rivers, and lakes.

In the wild, these fish are used to having a lot of space to swim around in. They’re not a species that spends a lot of time hiding so you won’t need to worry about including a ton of decorations in their tank.

A few pieces of driftwood or some rocks should be plenty. As for plants, you can use whatever you want. Just make sure they’re not too big or they might get in the way of these little fish.

The substrate you choose for their tank is up to you. Gravel is always a good choice, but sand can be used as well.

Common Diseases

While the Brook stickleback is a hardy fish, there are still a few diseases that it can fall victim to. The most common seem to be parasites and bacterial infections.

One of the most common parasites is ich. This is a very contagious disease that can quickly spread throughout your tank. The most obvious symptom is the presence of white spots on the body of your fish.

If you notice this, it’s important to take action immediately. There are a variety of ich treatments available, but the sooner you start the better.

Another common disease is bacterial gill disease. This is a fairly serious illness that can be fatal if left untreated. The most obvious symptom is difficulty breathing.

If you notice your fish gasping for air at the surface of the water, this is a cause for concern. Bacterial gill disease is usually the result of poor water quality, so the first step is to improve the conditions in your tank.

If you notice any other symptoms that seem out of the ordinary, it’s always best to consult a vet. They will be able to give you a definitive diagnosis and recommend a course of treatment.

Behavior & Temperament

The brook stickleback is a small, peaceful fish that is native to North America. It is a bottom-dweller that spends most of its time scavenging for food.

The brook stickleback is a shy fish that does best in a tank with other peaceful fish. It is not an aggressive fish and does not have any special care requirements.

Tank Mates

When it comes to brook stickleback tank mates, you have a few different options. In the wild, these fish are found in freshwater streams and ponds.

They’re not fussy when it comes to water conditions, so you can keep them in a wide range of setups.

The same goes for their tank mates. You can mix and match different species to create a community tank that suits your fancy.

Here are some compatible fish to get you started:

• Guppies
• Platies
• Mollies
• Swordtails
• Endler’s Livebearers
• Cherry Barbs
• Pygmy Corydoras
• Dwarf Gouramis
• Neon Tetras
• Harlequin Rasboras

Breeding

The brook stickleback fish is a great choice for beginner fish breeders. They’re easy to care for and their breeding process is relatively simple.

The first thing you need to do is set up a breeding tank. It should be at least 10 gallons and have a few hiding places. Then, you need to adjust the water conditions.

Sticklebacks prefer cool water, so aim for a temperature between 60 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit. They also like water that’s on the acidic side, so aim for a pH of 6.5.

Now you need to add your fish. Sticklebacks are social creatures, so you should add at least six of them to the breeding tank. It’s best to have an even ratio of males to females.

Once the fish are in the tank, you need to give them time to adjust. After a few days, you should start to see the males build nests out of plant material and rocks.

When the females are ready to lay their eggs, they’ll enter the nests and the males will fertilize them. After that, the males will stay and guard the eggs until they hatch.

Once the fry have hatched, you can remove the adults and start feeding them baby brine shrimp.

Conclusion

The Brook Stickleback is a great fish for beginner aquarists. They’re easy to care for and don’t require a lot of special attention.

They’re also a lot of fun to watch as they interact with the other fish in your tank.

If you’re looking for a fish that’s low-maintenance and fun to watch, the Brook Stickleback is a great choice!

source https://www.fishacademia.com/brook-stickleback/

Pickerel Care Guide: Diet, Tank Mates, Diseases, Breeding & More

The Pickerel is a freshwater fish that is closely related to the pike. They are a long and slender fish with a torpedo-shaped body. Pickerel are known for their voracious appetite and their ability to grow quickly.

Pickerel are a popular choice for aquariums because of their unique appearance and their relatively easy care. In this guide, we will go over everything you need to know about Pickerel care, diet, and tank mates.

Table of contents

• Species overview
  • Appearance
  • Lifespan
  • Size
• Tank
  • Size
  • Water parameters
  • What To Put In Their Tank
• Common diseases
• Behavior & Temperament
• Tank Mates
• Breeding
• Conclusion

Species overview

Pickerels are a type of freshwater fish that belongs to the pike family. There are three main species of pickerel fish: the chain pickerel, the redfin pickerel, and the grass pickerel.

Pickerels are typically found in North America, specifically in the eastern United States and Canada. They prefer slow-moving waters and can often be found in ponds, lakes, and streams.

Pickerels are carnivorous fish and their diet consists mostly of smaller fish, insects, and crustaceans.

Pickerels are a popular choice for sport fishing due to their fighting ability and their tasty flesh. They are also a popular choice for aquariums, although they can be quite aggressive toward other fish.

Appearance

The Pickerel is a freshwater fish that’s easily distinguished by its long and slim body. These fish can grow quite large (up to 24 inches in some cases) but are typically around 12 inches when fully grown.

The body of the Pickerel is dark green in color with a brown or black mottled pattern. The belly of the fish is a lighter white or cream color.

You’ll also notice that the Pickerel has a rather long and pointed head. The mouth of this fish is filled with sharp teeth that they use to snag their prey.

The dorsal fin of the Pickerel is rather tall and starts about two-thirds of the way back on the body. The anal fin is a bit shorter and also starts around two-thirds of the way back.

Both of these fins have a dark color with a light edge. The caudal fin is forked and symmetrical.

The Pickerel is a fast-moving fish that’s known for being quite aggressive. They’re not the best fish to keep in a community tank unless you have a very large tank and your other fish can outswim them.

Lifespan

The average lifespan of a Pickerel is around 6 to 8 years. However, there are a number of factors that can impact this.

For starters, Pickerel that are wild caught generally don’t live as long as those that are born in captivity. This is because they’re not used to the water conditions and diet that they’ll encounter in most home aquariums.

Additionally, Pickerel are relatively delicate when they’re young. It’s not uncommon for them to die within the first year of life if they’re not properly cared for.

As these fish get older, they become more resilient and their lifespan increases. With proper care, it’s not uncommon for Pickerel to live for 10 years or more.

Size

The average size of a Pickerel is between 18 and 20 inches long. However, they can grow to be up to 30 inches long!

Tank

Tank Size

The recommended tank size for a pickerel is 30 gallons. If you’re planning on keeping more than one fish, you should add an additional 10 gallons for each fish.

Pickerel are a predatory fish and can be aggressive, so it’s important to give them enough space to hide and feel safe. Hiding places can be created with rocks, plants, and other decorations.

Water Parameters

The best way to ensure a healthy environment for your pickerel is to recreate its natural habitat as closely as possible. That includes the water parameters.

Here are a few things to keep in mind.

First, pickerel prefer cool water. They’re a freshwater species, but they do best in water that’s on the cooler side. That’s why you often see them in ponds and lakes with a lot of vegetation.

Second, they like their water slightly acidic. The ideal pH range is 6.5 to 7.5.

Third, pickerel need plenty of dissolved oxygen in the water. A good rule of thumb is at least 4 ppm.

Finally, water hardness isn’t as critical, but they prefer soft to moderately hard water.

• Water Temperature: 50°F to 70°F
• pH Levels: 6.5 to 7.5
• Water Hardness: Soft to moderately hard
• Alkalinity Levels: Not as critical

What To Put In Their Tank

Pickerel are a freshwater fish that are often found in ponds and lakes. In the wild, they typically inhabit areas with a lot of vegetation.

When it comes to setting up their tank, you’ll want to recreate this environment as best as you can.

The substrate should be a dark color to help camouflage the Pickerel. You can use gravel or sand, but make sure it’s not too light in color.

Plants are a must in a Pickerel tank. They provide cover for the fish and help to filter the water. We recommend using a mix of live and fake plants. Live plants are nice because they help to oxygenate the water, but they can be a pain to take care of.

Fake plants are low maintenance and can be just as effective. Just make sure to get ones that are made of a soft material (silk or plastic).

Rocks, driftwood, and caves are all great additions to a Pickerel tank. They provide hiding spots for the fish and help to make the tank look more natural.

Avoid using anything that’s too small. Pickerel are known to eat smaller fish, so you don’t want to give them any potential snacks.

Common Diseases

The Pickerel is a hardy fish that doesn’t often fall ill. However, there are still a few diseases that you should be aware of.

The most common disease that these fish experience is called “Hexamita”. This is a parasitic infection that can cause a variety of symptoms, the most common being weight loss and a loss of appetite.

Other potential symptoms include:

– lethargy

– listlessness

– cloudy eyes

– white spots on the skin

If you notice any of these symptoms in your Pickerel, it’s important to take them to the vet as soon as possible. If left untreated, Hexamita can be fatal.

Another disease to be aware of is “Dropsy”. This is a condition that causes the fish’s body to swell up with fluid. It’s often the result of poor water quality and can be fatal if left untreated.

If you notice your Pickerel starting to swell up, it’s important to take them to the vet immediately.

The best way to prevent these diseases is to maintain the quality of the water in their tank. A tank with clean and stable water conditions always leads to healthier fish who are more resistant to disease.

Behavior & Temperament

The Pickerel is a freshwater fish that is native to North America. It is a member of the pike family and is closely related to the Muskellunge.

The Pickerel is a predatory fish and is known for being a voracious eater. It is an aggressive fish and is not afraid to take on fish that are much larger than itself.

The Pickerel is an opportunistic feeder and will eat just about anything that it can fit into its mouth. It is not a picky eater and will even eat other Pickerels if given the opportunity.

The Pickerel is a solitary fish and is not known to school with other fish. It is a territorial fish and will often defend its territory from other fish.

The Pickerel is a fast swimmer and is known for its quick and sudden movements. It is an agile fish and is able to maneuver itself in and out of tight spaces.

The Pickerel is a popular game fish and is sought after by many anglers. It is known for putting up a fight when hooked and is considered to be a good fighter.

Tank Mates

When it comes to finding the right tank mates for a Pickerel, the options are unfortunately quite limited.

This is because these fish are rather territorial and can be quite aggressive. They’re not the best community fish and are better off being kept alone or with a very select few tank mates.

That being said, there are a few species that can hold their own against a Pickerel. These fish are typically large, fast, and aggressive themselves.

Some possible tank mates for a Pickerel include:

• Muskellunge
• Northern Pike
• Lamprey
• American Eel
• Huchen
• Wels Catfish
• Arowana
• Payara

Breeding

Pickerels are easy to breed in captivity. All you need is a large tank and a few other fish to help with the process.

To start, set up a tank that’s at least 50 gallons. Then, add some plants and hiding places. These fish like to have a lot of cover.

When ready, add 2-3 females for every male. The males will be the larger fish.

You don’t need to make any changes to the water. Just keep it clean and well-filtered.

Feed the fish a high-quality diet. Then, wait for spawning to occur.

Females will lay their eggs in the plants. After they’re fertilized, the males will guard them.

The eggs will hatch in about a week. When they do, remove the adults and begin feeding the fry baby brine shrimp.

Conclusion

The Pickerel is a great fish for beginner and experienced fishkeepers alike. They’re easy to care for and don’t require a lot of work to keep them healthy and happy.

They’re also a great addition to any community tank, as they get along well with other fish.

If you’re looking for a low-maintenance fish that will add some color and personality to your tank, the Pickerel is a great choice!

source https://www.fishacademia.com/pickerel/

Freshwater blenny Care Guide: Diet, Tank Mates, Diseases, Breeding & More

The freshwater blenny is a unique and interesting fish that is perfect for the nano aquarium.

They are peaceful by nature and have a very calm demeanor which makes them a great addition to any community tank.

What’s more, they are very easy to care for and are very tolerant of a wide range of water parameters.

In this guide, we will teach you everything you need to know about freshwater blenny care. You’ll learn about their diet, tank mates, lifespan, and more!

Table of contents

• Species overview
  • Appearance
  • Lifespan
  • Size
• Tank
  • Size
  • Water parameters
  • What To Put In Their Tank
• Common diseases
• Behavior & Temperament
• Tank Mates
• Breeding
• Conclusion

Species overview

The freshwater blenny (scientific name: Salarias fasciatus) is a type of fish that’s native to certain areas of Southeast Asia. They are most commonly found in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand.

These fish prefer to live in brackish waters, which is a mix of salt and freshwater. This is something that you’ll need to keep in mind if you’re thinking about keeping them in your aquarium.

They are relatively small fish, only growing to be about 3 inches in length. This makes them a good choice for smaller aquariums.

Freshwater blennies are relatively peaceful fish, although they can be a bit nippy. They are also known to be good jumpers, so you’ll need to make sure that your aquarium has a tight-fitting lid.

Appearance

The Freshwater blenny is a small, brownish-red fish with a long, slender body. They have a small head with large eyes, and a small mouth that is often hidden beneath their protruding snout.

The dorsal fin is located towards the back of their body and is relatively small. The anal fin is located towards the back of their body and is slightly larger than the dorsal fin. The caudal fin is forked and located at the very back of the fish.

The pectoral fins are located towards the front of their body and are relatively small. The pelvic fins are located towards the front of their body and are slightly larger than the pectoral fins.

Freshwater blennies have smooth, scaleless skin and are covered in mucus. This mucus helps to protect them from parasites and pathogens.

Lifespan

The lifespan of a freshwater blenny is typically 5 to 8 years. However, some captive specimens have been known to live up to 10 years with proper care.

As with all fish, there are a number of factors that can impact the lifespan of a freshwater blenny. These include water quality, diet, and stress levels.

Size

The maximum size of a freshwater blenny is about 3 inches in length.

Tank

Tank Size

The recommended minimum tank size for freshwater blennies is 10 gallons. This is assuming you’re only keeping one fish and don’t plan on having any tank mates. If you want to keep a school of blennies or add other fish to the tank you’ll need at least 20 gallons.

Water Parameters

The freshwater blenny is a tropical fish that does best in warm water with a moderate pH. It’s also important to maintain high water quality and perform regular water changes to keep the blenny healthy.

• Water Temperature: 75 to 82 degrees Fahrenheit
• pH Levels: 7.0 to 8.5
• Water Hardness: 5 to 15 dGH
• Alkalinity Levels: 4 to 8 dKH

What To Put In Their Tank

The first thing you need to do is select the right type of substrate. These fish love to sift through sand and small rocks in search of food.

Aquarium gravel can work, but it’s not the ideal choice. We recommend using something like black sand or small pebbles instead.

The next thing you need to do is make sure there are plenty of places for your fish to hide. Blennies are timid fish that like to have a safe place to retreat to when they feel scared or threatened.

Caves, rockwork, and driftwood are all great choices. Just make sure there are plenty of nooks and crannies for them to explore. If you’re keeping more than one blenny in the same tank then you might need to provide even more hiding spots.

Plants are a personal preference, but we recommend avoiding them if possible. These fish love to nibble on vegetation, and they can quickly decimate a plant-based aquarium. If you must have plants in their habitat then go with something tough and fast-growing (like Java Fern).

Common Diseases

Freshwater blennies are known for being a hardy and disease-resistant fish. They’re not immune to illnesses, but they’re certainly not as susceptible as some other freshwater species.

The most common disease that affects freshwater blennies is ich. This is a parasite that can quickly spread and become quite serious if it’s not treated early on.

The most obvious sign of ich is the presence of white spots on the body of your fish. If you notice this, it’s important to take action immediately.

There are plenty of other potential diseases that can affect blennies, but they’re not nearly as common. Some other things to look out for include fungal infections, bacterial infections, and parasites.

As with any fish, the best way to keep your blenny healthy is by maintaining a clean and stable tank. This will go a long way in preventing disease and keeping your fish happy and healthy.

Behavior & Temperament

The freshwater blenny is a unique fish that is known for its interesting behavior and personality. These fish are relatively peaceful, but they can be a bit nippy towards tank mates that they don’t know. They are also known to be a bit aggressive towards their own species.

Freshwater blennies are very active fish. They are constantly swimming around the tank and exploring their surroundings. They are also known to be very curious. They will often approach humans and other animals that are near their tank to investigate them.

Freshwater blennies are also known to be very good jumpers. They have been known to jump out of tanks that are not properly covered. So, it is important to make sure that your tank is covered if you have one of these fish.

Overall, the freshwater blenny is a great addition to any aquarium. They are interesting fish to watch and can be a lot of fun.

Tank Mates

The freshwater blenny is a unique looking fish that does best in a community tank. These fish are peaceful and get along well with other fish, making them a great choice for beginners.

When choosing tank mates for a freshwater blenny, it’s important to select fish that occupy different areas of the tank. This will help reduce aggression and stress levels.

Here are some compatible freshwater blenny tank mates:

• Guppies
• Mollies
• Platies
• Swordtails
• Neon Tetras
• Danios
• Tetras
• Rasboras
• Clownfish
• Damselfish

Breeding

Breeding freshwater blennies is a bit more difficult than other fish species. They are not as prolific as, say, guppies, and the fry are very delicate. Still, it is possible to breed them in captivity with some patience and care.

The first step is to set up a breeding tank. It should be at least 20 gallons in size and well-filtered. You’ll also need to add some live plants and a few hiding places. Blennies like to have plenty of places to hide.

Next, you’ll need to sex your blennies. Males and females have different coloring. Males are usually more brightly colored, while females are a bit drabber. In addition, males tend to have longer fins.

Once you’ve sexed your blennies, it’s time to add them to the breeding tank. Add two females for every male. This will help to ensure that the males don’t harass the females too much.

Now you just need to wait. It can take a few weeks for the blennies to adjust to their new surroundings and start breeding. Once they do, you’ll see the female lay her eggs in a hidden area of the tank. The male will then fertilize them.

After about a week, the eggs will hatch. The fry are very delicate, so you’ll need to take care when feeding them. Live baby brine shrimp are a good option. You can also crush up some flake food and sprinkle it over the water.

With some patience and care, you should be able to successfully breed freshwater blennies in captivity.

Conclusion

Overall, we think the freshwater blenny is a great fish for both beginner and experienced aquarium owners. They’re not too difficult to care for and make a great addition to any community tank.

We do want to caution you that they can be aggressive towards other fish, so make sure to do your research before adding them to your tank.

Other than that, we think they’re a great fish and you should definitely consider them for your next aquarium!

source https://www.fishacademia.com/freshwater-blenny/

Tropical Gar Care Guide: Diet, Tank Mates, Diseases, Breeding & More

The tropical gar is an absolutely stunning fish that is perfect for the freshwater aquarium.

These fish have a very unique appearance with their long bodies and needle-like teeth. They’re also very active swimmers and make a great addition to any community tank.

But before you go out and buy one, there are a few things you need to know about tropical gar care. In this guide, we’ll teach you everything you need to know about keeping these fish happy and healthy.

Table of contents

• Species overview
  • Appearance
  • Lifespan
  • Size
• Tank
  • Size
  • Water parameters
  • What To Put In Their Tank
• Common diseases
• Behavior & Temperament
• Tank Mates
• Breeding
• Conclusion

Species overview

Tropical Gar (scientific name: Atractosteus tropicus) are found in tropical freshwater habitats in Central and South America. The majority of these fish are found in the Amazon Basin, but they can also be found in smaller numbers in the Orinoco Basin.

They prefer habitats with little to no current and a lot of vegetation. This is because they are ambush predators and prefer to lie in wait for their prey.

Tropical Gar are some of the largest freshwater fish in the world and can grow to be over six feet long! They are also one of the most dangerous fish in the world and have been known to attack and kill humans.

Despite their size and potential danger, Tropical Gar are a popular choice for freshwater aquariums. This is because they are such unique and impressive-looking fish.

Appearance

The first thing you’ll notice about this freshwater fish is their unique shape. These fish have a very long and thin body that’s been described as eel-like by many aquarists.

Their bodies are covered in large scales that give them a bit of armor. These scales are diamond-shaped and have a rough texture. The majority of their body is a dark gray with a bit of a greenish tint.

The underside of these fish is a light gray or white. This color extends up their sides in a V-shape and continues until it meets the black stripe that runs along their dorsal fin.

This black stripe is quite thin and extends from the tip of their nose all the way to the end of their caudal fin.

Tropical Gars have a long and thin mouth that’s filled with sharp teeth. They have small eyes that are set far back on their head.

Their dorsal fin is tall and starts about halfway back on their body. This fin is continuous and doesn’t have any rays sticking out.

Their caudal fin is forked and their anal fin is rather small. They have two small pectoral fins that are located just behind their gills.

Lifespan

The average lifespan of a tropical gar is 15 to 20 years. This is quite a long time for a fish, and is a testament to their hardiness. Of course, their lifespan can be affected by a number of different factors.

As with any fish, the quality of their environment has a big impact on how long they live. If the water is too cold or too hot, has the wrong pH, or is otherwise unsuitable, their lifespan will be shortened.

Stress is also a major factor. If they’re constantly being harassed by other fish or don’t have enough hiding places, their lifespan will be lower.

Size

The average size of a Tropical Gar is around 24 inches, but they can grow to be up to 36 inches long. These are some of the larger freshwater fish, so you’ll need a pretty big tank to accommodate them. They can live in smaller tanks when they’re young, but they’ll need to be moved to a larger one as they grow.

Tank

Tank Size

The minimum tank size for a single gar is 180 gallons. If you want to keep more than one gar, you’ll need an additional tank for each fish.

Gars are large, active fish that need a lot of space to swim and explore. They’re also predators, so they need enough space to hunt for food.

Water Parameters

The tropical gar is a freshwater fish, so the water parameters you need to maintain are pretty standard. As with any fish, it’s important to be consistent with these parameters. That means no sudden changes that could stress the fish out.

The good news is that tropical gar are very adaptable fish. They can tolerate a wide range of water conditions, which gives you some wiggle room. Just remember that the closer you can stick to their natural habitat, the better.

Here are some basic water parameters to help create a healthy environment for your tropical gar.

• Water Temperature: 72 to 82 degrees Fahrenheit
• pH Levels: 6.0 to 8.0
• Water Hardness: 4 to 20 dGH
• Alkalinity Levels: 3 to 10 dKH

What To Put In Their Tank

The inside of a tropical gar’s tank doesn’t need to be too complex. A few pieces of driftwood and some plants are really all you need.

As for the plants, we recommend something that can withstand a fair amount of abuse. These fish are known to uproot plants as they’re swimming around, so something that can bounce back is ideal.

Java Fern and Anubias are both great choices. You could also go with something like Hornwort or Water Wisteria if you wanted to add a bit more color to the tank.

The substrate is another important consideration. These fish like to sift through the substrate looking for food, so you’ll want something that won’t be too harsh on their gills.

A soft, sandy substrate is ideal. If you can’t find sand then a gravel substrate will work too. Just avoid anything too sharp or jagged.

Common Diseases

The tropical gar is a hardy fish that can withstand a wide range of water conditions. However, this doesn’t mean that they don’t ever get sick.

There are a few diseases that these fish are particularly susceptible to. The most common is gill flukes, which are parasites that attach themselves to the gills of the fish and cause irritation.

If left untreated, gill flukes can eventually kill the fish. Another common disease is columnaris, which is an infection that attacks the skin and fins of the fish.

This can be caused by poor water quality, and it can eventually lead to the death of the fish if it’s not treated.

The best way to prevent these diseases is to maintain good water quality in the tank. This means regular water changes, filtering the water, and keeping an eye on the ammonia and nitrite levels.

If you notice any strange behavior or changes in the appearance of your fish, it’s always best to consult a vet or experienced fish keeper so you can get a diagnosis and begin treatment as soon as possible.

Behavior & Temperament

Tropical gar are one of the most aggressive freshwater fish. They are not afraid to attack other fish, and they will even eat smaller fish whole.

This fish is not for the faint of heart, and it is not recommended for beginners. If you are considering keeping a tropical gar, be sure to do your research and be prepared for a challenge.

Tank Mates

Tropical Gar are one of the most difficult fish to keep. They’re very sensitive to water conditions and need a lot of space.

For these reasons, it’s best to keep them alone. If you must have tank mates, choose species that are much smaller and can tolerate the same water conditions.

Some good choices include:

• Neon Tetras
• Ghost Shrimp
• Guppies
• Platies
• Mollies

Breeding

Breeding tropical gars is not for the faint of heart. It’s a difficult and dangerous process that should only be attempted by experienced fishkeepers.

Tropical gars are huge, reaching lengths of up to six feet. They’re also extremely aggressive. For these reasons, you must take extra care when breeding them.

The first step is to set up a breeding tank. It should be at least 300 gallons and well-filtered. The water should be clean and well-oxygenated. Aim for a pH of 7.0 and a temperature of 82 degrees Fahrenheit.

You’ll need to add a lot of hiding places to the tank. That way, the female can escape the male when she’s ready to lay her eggs. Caves, rocks, and driftwood all work well.

When the tank is ready, add one male and two or three females. The female will lay her eggs in a hidden area of the tank. The male will then fertilize them.

Once the eggs are fertilized, the male will guard them. He’ll also fan them with his fins to keep them oxygenated.

The eggs will hatch in about two weeks. At that point, you can remove the adults and raise the fry in a separate tank. Feed them live foods like baby brine shrimp.

Conclusion

Overall, we think the Tropical Gar is a great fish for experienced aquarists. They’re not the easiest fish to take care of, but they’re certainly not the hardest.

They’re also a lot of fun to watch and are very unique-looking fish. If you’re looking for something a little different for your tank, the Tropical Gar is a great option.

Just be sure to do your research before getting one and be prepared for a bit of a challenge.

source https://www.fishacademia.com/tropical-gar/

Cuban Gar Care Guide: Diet, Tank Mates, Diseases, Breeding & More

The Cuban Gar is a beautiful and unique freshwater fish that is perfect for the advanced fishkeeper.

This species is not for the beginner, as they can be difficult to care for and are very sensitive to water conditions.

But if you have the time and patience to care for them properly, they make a stunning addition to any aquarium.

In this guide, you will learn everything you need to know about Cuban Gar care. From diet and tank mates, to breeding and common problems.

Table of contents

• Species overview
  • Appearance
  • Lifespan
  • Size
• Tank
  • Size
  • Water parameters
  • What To Put In Their Tank
• Common diseases
• Behavior & Temperament
• Tank Mates
• Breeding
• Conclusion

Species overview

Cuban Gars (Atractosteus tristoechus) are a species of freshwater fish that are native to Cuba and the Isle of Youth.

They are found in a wide variety of habitats, but prefer slow-moving waters with plenty of vegetation. This could be rivers, lakes, or even marshes.

Cuban Gars are carnivorous and primarily eat other fish. In the wild, they have been known to grow up to 6 feet long, although they are typically much smaller in captivity.

This fish is most popular for its unique appearance. It has a long, snake-like body and a wide mouth that is filled with sharp teeth. It is also one of the few species of freshwater fish that can change its color.

Appearance

The Cuban Gar is an eel-like fish that can grow to be quite large. They have a long and slender body that can reach up to 6 feet in length!

The Cuban Gar is a silver color with black spots that cover their entire body. These spots are most prominent on the dorsal half of the fish.

The Cuban Gar has a long and thin head with a small mouth that is filled with sharp teeth. They have small eyes that are located on the top of their head.

Their dorsal fin is located towards the back of their body and is tall and thin. Their anal fin is located towards the back of their body as well and is shorter than their dorsal fin.

The Cuban Gar has a long and thin tail that is used for propulsion.

Lifespan

The Cuban Gar is a long-lived fish with a lifespan that can extend up to 20 years in captivity. Of course, this depends on a number of factors, including the quality of care they receive.

As with any pet, if they’re not well cared for, their lifespan will be significantly shorter. But if you do everything right, you can expect your Cuban Gar to stick around for a very long time.

Size

Cuban Gars are one of the largest freshwater fish in the world, and they can grow to be massive! The average size of a Cuban Gar is between 6 and 8 feet long, but some have been known to grow up to 10 feet!

Tank

Tank Size

The recommended minimum tank size for a Cuban Gar is 100 gallons. If you’re looking for a smaller freshwater fish, this is not the fish for you.

Cuban Gars are active swimmers and will often swim laps around your tank. Providing them with a larger tank will help ensure they have enough space to comfortably swim around.

Water Parameters

The Cuban Gar is a freshwater fish that prefers warm, slightly brackish water. They are very tolerant of different water conditions, but prefer water with the following parameters.

• Water Temperature: 72-82 degrees Fahrenheit
• pH Levels: 7.0-8.5
• Water Hardness: 10-18 dGH
• Alkalinity Levels: 5-15 dKH

What To Put In Their Tank

As an apex predator, Cuban Gars don’t have a lot of natural predators in their environment. This means they can be a little on the aggressive side when it comes to other fish in their tank.

For this reason, we recommend setting up their tank with some pretty basic decorations. There’s no need to go overboard with plants or anything like that. A few pieces of driftwood or some rocks should be plenty.

When it comes to the substrate, these fish don’t really care too much. You can use gravel, sand, or even a bare bottom tank if you want.

One thing we do recommend is adding a decent amount of hiding spots. Cuban Gars are known to be pretty shy fish and like to have a place to retreat to when they feel threatened. This can be in the form of caves, driftwood, or even plants.

Just make sure whatever you use is big enough that your fish can fit inside it!

Common Diseases

The Cuban Gar is a tough fish that can withstand a lot of different water conditions. This makes them fairly resistant to disease, but they’re not immune to everything.

The two main diseases that you need to look out for are ich and hole-in-the-head disease.

Ich is the more common of the two and it will present itself as white spots on the body, fish, and gills of your fish.

Hole-in-the-head disease is less common but it’s still something you need to be aware of. This disease is caused by poor water quality and the presence of activated carbon in your tank.

It will present itself as one or two pits/holes in the skin of your Cuban Gar’s head.

Both of these diseases are treatable, but they’re both serious illnesses that need to be dealt with immediately.

The best way to prevent your Cuban Gar from getting sick is to maintain a high quality of water in their tank. A clean and stable environment will go a long way in keeping your fish healthy and disease-free.

Behavior & Temperament

The Cuban Gar is a large, beautiful fish that is native to the Caribbean. It is a popular choice for aquariums because of its unique appearance. The Cuban Gar is silver with black spots and has a long, eel-like body.

This fish is a peaceful creature that is not known to be aggressive. It is a good community fish and can be kept with other peaceful fish. The Cuban Gar is a bottom-dweller and does best in an aquarium with plenty of hiding places.

This fish is a nocturnal creature and is most active at night. During the day, it will often hide among the plants and rocks in the aquarium. The Cuban Gar is a carnivore and will eat smaller fish, crustaceans, and insects.

Tank Mates

Cuban Gars are large, predatory fish. In their natural habitat, they’re known to eat smaller fish, reptiles, and amphibians.

As a result, it’s important to be strategic when choosing Cuban Gar tank mates.

The best tank mates for Cuban Gars are other large, predatory fish. These fish are large enough to not be seen as prey and can hold their own against a Cuban Gar.

Some good Cuban Gar tank mates include:

• Arowana
• Peacock Bass
• Oscar
• Green Terror
• Jack Dempsey
• Firemouth Cichlid

Breeding

Cuban Gars are one of the harder species of fish to breed. They’re very particular about their habitat and water conditions. If everything isn’t just right, they simply won’t spawn.

The first step is to set up a breeding tank. It should be at least 100 gallons and contain a lot of hiding places. Driftwood, plants, and caves should all be added.

The water should be kept at a temperature between 82 and 86 degrees Fahrenheit. The pH should be between 7.0 and 8.0.

Once the tank is set up, add two females for every male. The male Cuban Gars will be the larger of the two sexes.

When ready, the female will lay her eggs in an area that the male has claimed. He will then fertilize them and guard them until they hatch.

Eggs usually hatch within 10 days. When they do, remove the adults from the tank. The fry will be very small and need to be fed live foods. Baby brine shrimp is a good option.

As they grow, you can begin to transition them to flakes or pellets.

Conclusion

The Cuban Gar is a freshwater fish that is native to Cuba. It is a member of the family Characidae and is closely related to the African tetras.

The Cuban Gar is a popular aquarium fish due to its unique appearance. It is silver in color with black spots on its body. The Cuban Gar can grow to be about 18 inches in length.

The Cuban Gar is a peaceful fish that is good for community tanks. It is not aggressive and gets along well with other fish.

The Cuban Gar is an easy fish to care for. It is not picky about its food and is not sensitive to water conditions.

The Cuban Gar is a good beginner fish for people who are new to keeping aquariums.

source https://www.fishacademia.com/cuban-gar/

Alligator Gar Care Guide: Diet, Tank Mates, Diseases, Breeding & More

The alligator gar is a giant freshwater fish that can reach lengths of over 10 feet!

This species is native to North America and can be found in slow-moving rivers and lakes.

Alligator gars are unique-looking fish with a long body, large scales, and a toothy snout. They’re often considered to be a “nuisance” species due to their size and voracious appetite.

In the wild, alligator gars are known to eat just about anything they can fit in their mouth. This includes other fish, reptiles, mammals, and even birds!

While they’re not the most popular fish in the aquarium trade, alligator gars can make interesting and low-maintenance pets.

In this guide, we’ll teach you everything you need to know about alligator gar care. From tank size and diet to tank mates and lifespan, it’s all here!

Table of contents

• Species overview
  • Appearance
  • Lifespan
  • Size
• Tank
  • Size
  • Water parameters
  • What To Put In Their Tank
• Common diseases
• Behavior & Temperament
• Tank Mates
• Breeding
• Conclusion

Species overview

Alligator gar (scientific name: Atractosteus spatula) are a type of fish that’s native to North America, primarily in the southern United States. They are the largest freshwater fish in the entire country and can grow to be quite large (up to 10 feet in length)!

Alligator gars prefer slow-moving waters with a lot of vegetation. This could be anything from ponds and lakes to marshes and swamps.

Due to their size and the fact that they’re a predator, alligator gars can be quite dangerous. They’ve been known to attack and kill humans on occasion, which is something to be aware of if you live in an area where they’re present.

If you’re interested in keeping one of these fish as a pet, it’s important to note that they require a very large tank (at least 200 gallons). They’re also not the easiest fish to care for, so it’s important to do your research before getting one.

Appearance

The Alligator Gar is one of the most intimidating freshwater fish out there. They have a long, thin body that can reach lengths of up to 10 feet!

These fish have a row of large scales running down the middle of their back. These are called scutes and they’re very tough. The scutes on the Alligator Gar are what give them their “alligator” nickname.

Alligator Gars have a large head with a very long and pointy snout. They have rows of large teeth that can reach up to 4 inches in length!

The dorsal fin on these fish is located far back on their body and is very tall. The anal fin is located about halfway back on the body and is also tall.

Alligator Gars have a long, thin caudal peduncle that leads into their large, paddle-shaped caudal fin.

The coloration of these fish can vary quite a bit. They can be olive green, brown, or even almost black. The belly of the Alligator Gar is usually a lighter color than the rest of their body.

Lifespan

In the wild, alligator gars typically live for 20 to 30 years. But in captivity, their lifespan is often much shorter.

One of the reasons for this is that alligator gars are very difficult to keep in captivity. They’re very large and require a lot of space. They also have specific dietary requirements that are often hard to meet.

All of these factors can lead to a shorter lifespan in captivity.

Size

Alligator Gars are one of the largest freshwater fish in the world, and can grow to be massive! The average size of a wild Alligator Gar is between 6 and 8 feet long, but they have been known to grow up to 10 feet or more in length. In captivity, they typically reach between 4 and 6 feet in length.

Tank

Tank Size

The recommended tank size for Alligator Gar is 1000 gallons. This is due to their large size and their aggressive nature. If you’re looking for a smaller fish that can fit in an average-sized tank, this is not the fish for you.

If you want to keep two Alligator Gars in the same tank you’ll want to add at least another 1000 gallons to that minimum number if you want them to thrive.

Water Parameters

Alligator Gars are one of the most unique and prehistoric-looking freshwater fish available in the aquarium trade.

Their massive size, razor-sharp teeth, and reptilian appearance make them a fish that commands attention.

While their size and appearance are intimidating, they are actually a fairly peaceful fish. They are also very hardy, making them a great choice for beginner aquarists.

Alligator Gars are found in slow-moving rivers and lakes in North America. They prefer warm water with a pH between 6.5 and 7.5.

The water temperature should be between 75 and 85 degrees Fahrenheit. Alligator Gars are not very tolerant of cold water and will go into shock if the temperature drops too low.

• Water Temperature: 75-85 degrees Fahrenheit
• pH Levels: 6.5-7.5
• Water Hardness: 5-19 dGH
• Alkalinity Levels: 3-10 dKH

What To Put In Their Tank

Alligator Gar are a bit different than most of the fish on this list. They’re actually a bit easier to care for since they don’t need any special decorations or substrate in their tank.

A lot of aquarists like to include a piece of driftwood or two in the tank. This not only looks good, but it also provides a place for these fish to hide if they need to.

Other than that, feel free to use whatever substrate you want. These fish don’t spend a lot of time at the bottom of the tank so the type of substrate isn’t as important as it is for other species.

One decoration we recommend avoiding is plants. Alligator Gars are known to uproot and eat plants (even tough ones), so it’s best to just avoid them altogether.

Common Diseases

The Alligator Gar is a hardy fish that isn’t too susceptible to diseases. However, there are a few things that you should look out for, just in case.

The most common illness that these fish experience is parasites. These can be anything from worms to leeches, and they can quickly make a meal out of your fish if left unchecked.

The best way to deal with parasites is to treat the entire tank, not just the affected fish. This will ensure that all of the parasites are killed, and it will also help to prevent re-infestation.

There are a few other illnesses that these fish can get, but they’re not as common. Things like bacterial infections and fungal infections can occur, but they’re usually not too serious.

As with any fish, the best way to keep your Alligator Gar healthy is to provide clean and stable water conditions. A well-maintained tank will go a long way in keeping your fish happy and disease-free.

Behavior & Temperament

The alligator gar is a solitary creature that is more often seen alone than in groups. In the wild, these fish tend to stick to themselves, only coming together to mate. The same is true for alligator gars in aquariums.

While they may not be the most social fish, alligator gars are relatively peaceful. They’re not known for being aggressive and will leave other fish alone as long as they’re not being bothered.

The alligator gar is a top predator, so it’s important to be aware of that when stocking your tank. These fish have been known to eat smaller fish, so it’s best to avoid keeping them with anything that could fit in their mouth.

Alligator gars are also known for being jumpers. They’re strong swimmers and have been known to jump out of aquariums that aren’t properly sealed. So, if you’re keeping an alligator gar, make sure your tank has a tight-fitting lid.

Tank Mates

Alligator Gars are typically solitary fish. They’re not social creatures and don’t interact much with other fish.

For this reason, it can be difficult to find good tank mates for Alligator Gars. They’re not impossible to keep with other fish, but it’s definitely a challenge.

The best tank mates for Alligator Gars are other large, fast-moving fish. These fish need to be able to out-swim the Alligator Gar and avoid being eaten.

Some good choices include:

• Arowana
• Peacock Cichlid
• Oscar
• Green Terror
• Convict Cichlid
• Jack Dempsey
• Pleco

Breeding

Alligator Gars are a fairly difficult species to breed. They have very specific water requirements and their fry are very delicate.

The first step is to set up a breeding tank. It should be at least 200 gallons and have a water temperature between 80 and 82 degrees Fahrenheit. The water should also be very soft with a pH between 6.5 and 7.0.

Next, you need to add some plants and hiding places. Alligator Gars like to lay their eggs in plants, so make sure to include a good amount.

When the tank is ready, add two males and two females. The males will be larger with a more pronounced snout.

The next step is to trigger spawning. You can do this by slowly raising the water temperature by a couple of degrees over the course of a week.

Once spawning begins, the female will lay her eggs in the plants. The male will then fertilize them.

It’s important to remove the adults at this point. They will eat the eggs if given the chance.

The eggs will hatch in about two weeks. The fry are very delicate and need to be fed live food. You can offer them brine shrimp or bloodworms.

As they grow, you can slowly introduce them to pellets and other dry foods.

Conclusion

The Alligator Gar is a truly impressive fish species that is sure to add some excitement to your aquarium. They’re relatively easy to care for but do require some specific conditions to stay healthy.

Overall, we think the Alligator Gar is a great fish for experienced fishkeepers who are looking for a new challenge. They’re not for everyone, but if you’re up for it, they’re definitely worth considering!

source https://www.fishacademia.com/alligator-gar/